![]() ![]() Language contact, variation and change in an African urban setting Devonish 2002 Talking rhythm stressing tone : The role of prominence in Anglo-West African creole languages Faraclas 1988 Nigerian Pidgin and the languages of Southern Nigeria Faraclas 1989 A grammar of Nigerian Pidgin Faraclas 1990 From Old Guinea to Papua New Guinea: A comparative study of Nigerian Pidgin and Tok Pisin Faraclas 1996 Nigerian Pidgin Faraclas 2005 Relationalité: Un trait d'organisation grammaticale. ![]() Sources Agheyisi 1984 Linguistic implications of the changing role of Nigerian Pidgin English Agheyisi 1988 The standardization of Nigerian Pidgin English Deuber 2005 Nigerian Pidgin in Lagos. ![]() Vowels Front Near-front Central Near-back Back Close Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open i high front unrounded vowel iː long high front unrounded vowel ĩ nasalized high front unrounded vowel u high back rounded vowel uː long high back rounded vowel ũ nasalized high back rounded vowel ɪ lowered high front unrounded vowel ʊ lowered high back rounded vowel e higher mid front unrounded vowel eː long higher mid front unrounded vowel ẽ nasalized higher mid front unrounded vowel o higher mid back rounded vowel oː long higher mid back rounded vowel õ nasalized higher mid back rounded vowel ɛ lower mid front unrounded vowel ɛː long lower mid front unrounded vowel ɛ̃ nasalized lower mid front unrounded vowel ɔ lower mid back rounded vowel ɔː long lower mid back rounded vowel ɔ̃ nasalized lower mid back rounded vowel a low central unrounded vowel aː long low central unrounded vowel ã nasalized low central unrounded vowel Vowels Special segments Other segments w Unless otherwise specified, the lect of Nigerian Pidgin utilized for the descriptions and examples of features, lexical items, and constructions provided in this work (default lect) is that used by the millions of people who have learned Nigerian Pidgin as a first language and who use it as one of their main languages of daily communication in the metropolitan area of the city of Port Harcourt at the mouth of the delta of the Niger River in the southeast of Nigeria. Proficiency in Nigerian Pidgin ranges from the ‘deep’ varieties spoken by those who have learned it as their mother tongue for generations in Warri and Sapele, to varieties heavily influenced by other ancestral Nigerian languages spoken by those who have learned Nigerian Pidgin as a second language and who use it only for trading in the marketplace, to varieties heavily influenced by Standard English spoken by those who have learned Nigerian Pidgin as a second language and who use it only with classmates at university, etc. Many of those who learn Nigerian Pidgin as one of their first languages, as well as a considerable number of those who learn Nigerian Pidgin as a second language, eventually end up using it as their main language of day-to-day communication. For those who do not learn Nigerian Pidgin as one of their first languages, it is learned informally as a second language in one or a number of venues for interethnic contact, including marketplaces, workplaces, schools, universities, military and police barracks, etc. Nigerian Pidgin is the first language, or one of the first languages, learned by tens of millions of people across southern Nigeria and in urban areas throughout the entire country. ![]() With over 75 million speakers, Nigerian Pidgin has become by far the most widely spoken and fastest growing language in Nigeria today. ![]()
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